Earth's night skies are lighter, thanks to towns, cities and industrial complexes. How that affects astronomy ... as well as birds, insects and people.
These disks contain the raw materials for planet formation. The magnetic fields can either help or hinder their growth. So this new research helps show how solar systems are born.
The sun's ultraviolet radiation excites atoms some 50 miles (80 km) or more high in Earth's atmosphere. When the atoms release the energy, the atmosphere glows.
Amazing new image - obtained via an orbiting X-ray observatory - shows the disk of gas and dust surrounding a supermassive black hole to be clumpy, not smooth.
Near-Earth asteroid 2003 SD220 will pass safely, at more than 28 times the moon's distance, on Christmas Eve. Will it cause earthquakes? Of course not.