Vasily Titov explained that, today, as soon as an earthquake hits the Pacific, scientists collect data from tsunami detectors sitting at the bottom of the ocean.
Graeme Stephens said when scientists learn how clouds interact with other forces in the atmosphere, models predicting future climate will become more accurate.
"We are undergoing unprecedented extinctions right now where many populations of amphibians throughout the world are disappearing," said Andrew Blaustein.
Russell Schnell said that if countries set requirements to cut carbon dioxide emissions, NOAA's observatories would serve as a kind of atmospheric fact checker.