Jon Foley: I think we need a new kind of agriculture – kind of a third agriculture, between the big agribusiness, commercial approach to agriculture, and the lessons from organic and local systems.
Jon Foley is director of the Institute on the Environment at the University of Minnesota. He’s envisioning a reinvention of global agriculture – the creation of a hybrid of industrial and organic farming.
Jon Foley: Can we take the best of both of these and invent a more sustainable, and scalable agriculture?
Foley said that the large amount of food produced by industrial farms is needed to feed a population projected to reach 9 billion by 2050. But, he added, these farm’s use of resources isn’t sustainable.
Jon Foley: Seventy percent of the water we use goes into agriculture. A third of our greenhouse gases are caused by agriculture and land use clearing.
On the other hand, he said, while organic agriculture – farming without the use of synthetic pesticides or fertilizers – might have a lighter impact on the environment, he is skeptical about whether it can produce enough food.
Jon Foley: Organics feed about 1% of our global calories, and that’s not enough. What we could do is take the lessons of stewardship of organic matter in soils, from organic methods, and scale them up with commercial tools.
Foley said that organic and local food – what many people consider to be sustainable agriculture – would not be able to scale up in order to feed the world’s population.
Jon Foley: Organic is not sustainable at the scale of 7 billion people, we couldn’t feed 7 billion that way, I don’t think. Local food is good for a lot of things, but it doesn’t reduce greenhouse gases like a lot of people think it does. It doesn’t do anything about deforestation or methane or nitrous oxide.
He said that the scope of the global food challenge requires a spirit of compromise.
Jon Foley: Let’s put down our knives. There’s a very tense, polarizing debate between people who believe big agribusiness and organics are enemies of each other. That’s ridiculous – the world needs both and we need the lessons from both. There’s some really smart people and good ideas along the whole spectrum here. And the job at the end of the day is to feed the world and not destroy it.
A well balanced overview of the realities of feeding an ever growing world population. In my mind, organic farming is really a rebirth of former agricultural ways. While to many, organics seems a niche section in the grocery store, there is much in its methodologies that can be transferred to industrial production. The growing popularity of organic products is indeed leading to hybridization as a necessary means to scale productivity. The work of Dr. Foley to identify the synergies between organic and industrial farming are of prime importance.
Compromise, or more to the point, leveraging the strengths of several distinctly different but proven agricultural production models seems a more effective and efficient way to put food on the world’s table.
[...] Clay’s work builds in part on the research of Jon Foley, the director of the Institute of the Environment at the University of Minnesota. I encourage you to review Foley’s argument for a resilient hybrid strategy. Here’s how he put it in an interview with Earth & Sky: I think we need a new kind of agriculture – kind of a third agriculture, between the big agribusiness, commercial approach to agriculture, and the lessons from organic and local systems…. Can we take the best of both of these and invent a more sustainable, and scalable agriculture? [Read, and hear, his answer..] [...]
This is a very timely work. Even for us at the Philippine Rice Research Institute, one of the priorities of the Philippine Government’s Department of Agriculture is to find ways on how we could harmonize modern (industrial) agriculture and organic agriculture. We are now starting to look at and document practices of many non-government organizations in the Philippines who have been practicing orgranic agriculture for quite sometime now.